HIV Symptoms: How They Show Up in Men vs. Women

The acute phase, two to four weeks after exposure, commonly causes a flu-like illness — fever, fatigue, swollen glands, sore throat, sometimes a rash — that resolves on its own within a week or two. Without treatment, HIV then typically moves into a long asymptomatic phase that can last years before more serious symptoms develop as the immune system weakens.

Women with HIV are more likely to experience recurrent yeast infections, changes in menstrual cycles, and a higher risk of certain reproductive health complications, including a stronger link to cervical changes related to HPV (which is why more frequent pap smear monitoring is often recommended for women living with HIV). Men don't have a strongly documented sex-specific symptom pattern beyond the general course of the disease, though the same acute and chronic phases apply.